The Influence of Security Literacy, Levels of Concern About Fraud, and Trust in Islamic Banks on Customers’ Verification Responses When Faced with Various Social Engineering Tactics

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the influence of security literacy, the level of concern regarding fraud, and trust in Islamic banks on customers’ verification responses when faced with various social engineering tactics. The method used was a quantitative associative study employing a survey approach via a questionnaire distributed to 120 active Islamic bank customers in Indonesia. Data analysis was conducted using Structural Equation Modelling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). The results indicate that security literacy and trust in Islamic banks do not significantly influence customers’ responses to verification. Conversely, the level of concern regarding fraud has a positive and significant effect; the higher the customers’ level of concern, the greater their tendency to take preventive actions such as verifying information. These findings suggest that emotional factors, such as anxiety regarding the risk of fraud, influence protective behavior more than cognitive understanding or trust in the institution. This study makes a theoretical contribution to the literature on Islamic banking security and offers practical recommendations for banks and regulators to enhance customer literacy and vigilance against the threat of digital fraud